daughter of Megacles, the cupbearer Cleino, Didyme, the Chian harp player Glauce, the flautist Mnesis, the actress Myrtion, the flautist Pothine and Stratonice. Callimachus, keeper of the library, Theocritus,[5] and a host of lesser poets, glorified the Ptolemaic family. Alan K. Bowman (1989) Egypt After the Pharaohs: 332 BC-AD 642 : from Alexander to the Arab Conquest, J. G. Manning (2010) The Last Pharaohs: Egypt Under the Ptolemies, 305-30 BC, Paul McKechnie, Philippe Guillaume (2008) Ptolemy II Philadelphus and His World. Ptolemy was the eldest son of Ptolemy I Soter, Pharaoh of Egypt, and his second wife Eurydice, daughter of the regent Antipater. However, Walter Kaiser says, "There can be little doubt that the Law was translated in Philadelphus's time since Greek quotations from Genesis and Exodus appear in Greek literature before 200 B.C. After her repudiation he married his full sister Arsinoë II, the widow of Lysimachus—an Egyptian custom—which brought him her Aegean possessions. While there was a clear aim to centralise control of the legal system, Ptolemy also respected local traditions and much of the reform may in fact have been a codification of the existing situation. Face of Senwosret III. Thanks to the ego of Philadelphos, the Ptolemaieia—but especially the Grand Procession—formed one of the most ostentatious … Pliny the Elder, "The Natural History", Chap. To stabilize his throne, Ptolemy asked his half-sister Arsinoe, the widow of Lysimachus, to marry him. Relief of Ptolemy II Philadelphos, 285 or 282-246 B.C.E. Magas of Cyrene opened war on his half-brother (274 BCE), and the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter, desiring Coele-Syria with Judea, attacked soon after in the First Syrian War. Object Details. In about 285 BC, Ptolemy I Soter probably took as his co-ruler one of his sons by Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who became the sole ruler of Egypt and the rest of his father's empire upon the elder king's death in about 282 BC. He began his reign as co-regent with his father Ptolemy I from ca. His marriage to Arsinoe II does not seem to have provoked any scandal. Egypt's victories solidified the kingdom's position as the undisputed naval power of the eastern Mediterranean; his fleet (112 ships) bore the most powerful naval siege units of all time, guaranteed the king access to the coastal cities of his empire. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. It also confirms that he then took action to restore damage to the temple. Alexandria, Alexandria Governorate, Egypt, Arsinoe I, Queen of Greece, Queen of Egypt, Berenice ., Phernophorus, Princess of Egypt, Birth of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, Pharaoh of Egypt, Birth of Berenice ., Phernophorus, Princess of Egypt, Birth of Ptolemy III Euergetes, Pharaoh of Egypt. During that time, Alexandria was the richest jewel in their empire. Manetho’s work was originally written in Greek (possibly because Ptolemy did not read hieroglyphs). At this time he also formally relinquished his claim to the Egyptian throne. ), Aglais (?) Ptolemy XVI Philadelphos Antonius was of Greek and Roman heritage. This situation lasted about two years, until Antigonos Gonatas defeated the Gauls in the battle near Lysimachia, Thrace, in 277 BC, After this victory he was recognized king of Macedon and his power extended eventually also to southern Greece. Head of Amenemhat III. Monetary History of Egypt. According to scholars, most of the animals were in pairs - as many as eight pairs of ostriches - and although the ordinary chariots were likely led by a single elephant, others which carried a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) golden statue may have been led by four. As did the Ptolemies III through V, Ptolemy II erected a commemmorative stele, the Great Mendes Stela. Ptolemy II had a joint reign with his sister and wife Arsinoe II, dominated on the military front by several wars in Syria. Ptolemy II 0.3 was made available on August 2, 1999 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, (Philadelphus in Greek: Brother-Loving) king of Egypt (285-246 bce), second king of the Ptolemaic dynasty, who extended his power by skillful diplomacy, developed agriculture and commerce, and made Alexandria a leading centre of the arts and sciences. In a Second Syrian War with the Seleucid kingdom, under Antiochus II Theos (after 260 BC), Ptolemy sustained losses on the seaboard of Asia Minor and agreed to a peace by which Antiochus married his daughter Berenice (c. 250 BC). In the 270 BCE Ptolemy hired 4,000 Gallic mercenaries (who in 279 BC under Bolgios killed his half-brother Ptolemy Keraunos). The Great Library of Alexandria was founded by Ptolemy I but completed and extended by Ptolemy II. Ptolemy is recorded by Pliny the Elder as having sent an ambassador named Dionysius to the Mauryan court at Pataliputra in India, probably to Emperor Ashoka: "But [India] has been treated of by several other Greek writers who resided at the courts of Indian kings, such, for instance, as Megasthenes, and by Dionysius, who was sent thither by Philadelphus, expressly for the purpose: all of whom have enlarged upon the power and vast resources of these nations." He was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, the Macedonian Greek general of Alexander the Great who founded the Ptolemaic Kingdom after the death of Alexander, and queen Berenice I, originally from Macedon in northern Greece. During his reign, the Ptolemaic empire reached its greatest extent and Egypt was both wealthy and powerful. Shortly afterwards (and most likely at the instigation of Arsinoe II) Arsinoe I was accused of treason and exiled. at the age of 25. To celebrate his accession he staged an elaborate pageant, which included music, images of Egyptian and Greek gods, and a long train of wild beasts and birds unknown to Egypt, including elephants harnessed to chariots. Ptolemy II Philadelphos (285-246 BC) AR Tetradrachm, Gaza Mint, Regnal Year 31 (255-254 BC). He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice, and was educated by Philitas of Cos. Ptolemy II was not born in Egypt. Ptolemy II divorced Arsinoe I and married Arsinoe II and adopted the epithet Philadelphus (brother or sister-loving). The language of the Septuagint is more like Egyptian Greek than it is like Jerusalemite Greek, according to some." After Lysimachus' defeat and death in the Battle of Corupedium in 281 BC, against Seleucus I Nicator, Ptolemy Keraunos murdered Seleucus I in order to gain the power of his former protector. This bronze bust is usually attributed to the Ptolemaic king Ptolemy II Philadelphus (r. 283-246 BCE) although alternative identifications of the bust have been made. Ptolemy II Philadelphos . Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος Ptolemaîos Philádelphos 309–246 BC) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 BC to 246 BC. ΓA monogram over ZA monogram in left field, ΛA over ΦA monogram in right field. Cookies that are necessary to enable my site to function. Ptolemy also suffered losses in the Second Syrian War against Antiochus II Theos (260-253 BC) but successfully negotiated a peace under which his daughter Berenice was married to the Seleucid ruler. They do not store any information about you other than that which is strictly required for navigation and function, and I have no aceess to any of the data. Gold Mnaieion Choice VF. Ptolemy had several concubines. Arsinoe herself fled to Egypt, where she married her own brother Ptolemy II and became Arsinoe II. On the inner face, below the sky hieroglyph (pet) with a row of five-pointed … Ptolemy II married Arsinoe I (the daughter of Lysimachus, the king of Thrace) as part of an alliance against Seleucus I Nicator (another general of Alexander the Great). Geni requires JavaScript! According to Pausanias, soon after arrival the Gauls plotted “to seize Egypt,” and so Ptolemy marooned them on a deserted island in the Nile River where “they perished at one another’s hands or by famine.”. Two or three years of war followed. A keen administrator, Ptolemy II enriched himself by commercial ventures and heavier taxes, albeit much of his revenue went to support his soldiers, courtiers, poets, priests and foreign allies. Obv. He also had several concubines. On his father's death, he became sole ruler. Two or three years of war followed. This festival was in part to rival the Olympic Games and in part to reinforce the power and popularity of the Royal Family. He had exotic animals of far off lands sent to Alexandria. (Gold Octadrachm) 27.66 g. Struck at Alexandria 253/2-246 BC. He is also mentioned in the Edicts of Ashoka as a recipient of the Buddhist proselytism of Ashoka, although no Western historical record of this event remain. He also reformed bronze coinage, introducing new denominations and widening their circulation. He took the Egyptian name, Meryamun Setepenre, which means "Beloved of Amun, Chosen of Re". Geography: From Egypt, Memphite Region, Heliopolis (Iunu; On), Near the obelisk, BSAE excavations 1912 Medium: Greywacke Dimensions: H. 16.2 cm (6 3/8 in. The Ptolemaic empire reached its greatest extent in this reign. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaîos Philádelphos, 309–246 BC) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BC. Granite, 27 3/16 × 23 5/8 × 2 3/8 in. _UID: DAA01FAC6BAE2242891D85B1E4DF48B25BA7, http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=jdp-fam&id=I82287. Ptolemy undertook a great deal of building work throughout Egypt. Ptolemy staged a procession in Alexandria in honor of Dionysus led by 24 chariots drawn by elephants and a procession of lions, leopards, panthers, camels, antelopes, wild asses, ostriches, a bear, a giraffe and a rhinoceros. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaîos Philádelphos "Ptolemy Beloved o his Sibling"; 309–246 BCE) wis the king o Ptolemaic Egyp frae 283 tae 246 BCE. He had two elder brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom were Macedonian kings. Egypt was involved in several wars during his reign. Ptolemy II Philadelphos . Numismatic Museum Athens, Greece. ), according to the Letter of Aristeas to his brother Philocrates. Ptolemy himself was eager to increase the library and to patronize scientific research. This tax may have replaced an earlier yoke-tax, which was only imposed on men but at a higher rate, and it is interesting to note that among those exempt to the new tax were teachers of writing and gymnastics and all of the winners in the Alexandrian games. Seeing an opportunity to intervene for his own gain in the politics of both Lysimachan Thrace and Ptolemaic Egypt, Seleucus prepared an expedition against Lysimachus shortly afterwards. Reverse: Jugate busts of Ptolemy I wearing diadem and aegis and Berenice I, diademed and veiled. Magas of Cyrene attacked Egypt from the west but was forced to withdraw by internal revolt. Despite his mixed fortunes he showed himself to be both an able general and a skillful negotiator. His father Mark Antony summoned Cleopatra to a summit near Antioch, Syria (now a part of modern Turkey) in a place Plutarch locates situated between Beirut and Sidon, called Light, an unwalled village. Ptolemy was keen to support scientific research and was a generous sponsor of the arts. Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, Ptolemy II, Philadelphos, 285 - 246 B.C. His only rival, Antigonos Gonatas (Greek : Αντίγονος Γονατάς), son of the ex-king of Macedon, Demetrius I Poliorcetes (Greek : Δημήτριος Πολιορκητής), was confined in the city of Demetrias, Thessaly, and so Keraunos' power extended to south Greece as well. Egyptian - Corner Relief Fragment with King Ptolemy II Philadelphos, Mehyet, and Onuris-Shu - Walters 2251.jpg 1,800 × 1,698; 722 KB Egyptian - Head of Ptolemy II - Walters 22109.jpg 1,602 × 1,800; 1.93 MB 246–221 B.C. He also completed the Great Lighthouse of Alexandria (also known as Pharos) and ordered the construction of a number of cities along the red sea coast (along with numerous temples and canals) which helped to strengthen trade links with the Mediterranean and boost the Egyptian economy. His court included many artists and poets, including Callimachus and Theocritus of Syracuse (who lavished great praise on his sponsor). Comprehensive theories which undermined the image of mighty Arsinoe appeared as late as the 1980s.14 If Arsinoe’s influence on Ptolemy II’s foreign policy during her lifetime is difficult to assess, there is a lot of information indicating that Philadelphos skilfully used her figure after her death to political and religious ends. Berenike II. He became joint ruler with his father two years before his death in 283 BC. Arsinoe II . Ptolemy himself was eager to increase the library and to patronize scientific research. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (308-246): second ruler of the Ptolemaic Empire, ruled from 282 to 246 BCE. Perhaps because their marriage was political in nature it is not surprising that Ptolemy seems to have had a large number of mistresses, the most influential of whom seems to have been Bilistiche with whom he may have fathered Ptolemy Andromachou and who may even have been deified by Ptolemy after her death. https://www.livius.org/articles/person/ptolemy-ii-philadelphus He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice, and was educated by Philitas of Cos. 246–221 B.C. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (“brotherly” or “Brother/Sister-loving”), was the second ruler of the Ptolemaic Dynasty and the son of Ptolemy I and Berenice I who died before 283 BC. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt 281-246 BC. He had two elder brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom were Macedonian kings. She was the mother of his three legitimate children, Ptolemy III Euergetes (his successor), Lysimachus, and Berenice Phernopherus. [1] After Keraunos' younger half-brother, also called Ptolemy, was named heir apparent and, in 282 BC, ascended to the throne as Ptolemy II, he had to leave Egypt, being a potential rival for the throne. It was probably likened to the relationship between Osiris and Isis, and Zeus and Hera. 290 BCE–ca. He took the Egyptian name, Meryamun Setepenre, which means "Beloved of Amun, Chosen of Re". Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaĩos Philádelphos" 309 BCE–246 BCE), was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 BCE to 246 BCE. This bronze bust is usually attributed to the Ptolemaic king Ptolemy II Philadelphus (r. 283-246 BCE) although alternative identifications of the bust have been made. Although an enthusiast for Hellenic culture, he also adopted Egyptian religious concepts, which helped to bolster his image as a sovereign. Your choices will not impact your visit. This stele claims that Ptolemy made a pilgrimage to visit the sacred Ram of Mendes and stresses that his actions were in accordance with ancient rituals and traditions. The victory won by Antigonus II Gonatas, king of Macedonia, over the Egyptian fleet at Cos (between 258 BCE and 256 BCE) did not long interrupt Ptolemy's command of the Aegean Sea. He promoted the Museum and Library of Alexandria, and he erected a commemorative stele, the Great Mendes Stela. Ptolemy II Philadelphos, 285-246 BC. Ptolemy XVI Philadelphos Antonius was of Greek and Roman heritage. Ptolemy's first wife, Arsinoë I, daughter of Lysimachus, was the mother of his legitimate children: Berenice Phernopherus, married Antiochus II Theos, king of Syria. The kingdom existed from 305 BC to 30 BC. 1980) gives the date of his death as January 29. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Greek: Πτολεμαίος Φιλάδελφος, 309–246 BCE), was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 281 BCE to 246 BCE. He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice, and was educated by Philitas of Cos. During Ptolemy's reign, the material and literary splendour of the Alexandrian court was at its height. While he was away on a campaign, she conspired against him from the capital, Cassandreia (Greek: Κασσάνδρεια), with the aid of her sons. In about 285 BC, Ptolemy I Soter probably took as his co-ruler one of his sons by Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who became the sole ruler of Egypt and the rest of his father's empire upon the elder king's death in about 282 BC. Ptolemy II, unlike his father, was not a military leader, nor a charismatic king. [5] Although an enthusiast for Hellenic culture, he also adopted Egyptian religious concepts, which helped to bolster his image as a sovereign. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus#Family. On his coins, Ptolemy I presented himself as a Greek, and specifically a Macedonian, king. Obverse: Jugate busts of Ptolemy II, diademed and wearing chlamys and Arsinoe II, diademed and veiled, behind them shield. 75 relations. He had many mistresses, including Agathoclea (? Guardian Figure. He was the son of the founder of the Ptolemaic kingdom Ptolemy I Soter and Berenice and was educated by Philitas of Cos. After her repudiation he married his full sister Arsinoë II, the widow of Lysimachus — an Egyptian custom—which brought him her Aegean possessions. However, Walter Kaiser says, "There can be little doubt that the Law was translated in Philadelphus's time since Greek quotations from Genesis and Exodus appear in Greek literature before 200 BC The language of the Septuagint is more like Egyptian Greek than it is like Jerusalemite Greek, according to some. His epithet Keraunos is Greek for "Thunder" or "Thunderbolt". The Ptolemaic sphere of power extended over the Cyclades to Samothrace, and the harbours and coast towns of Cilicia Trachea, Pamphylia, Lycia and Caria. He introduced a new salt tax which was imposed on every woman and man with only a few exceptions. Userphety (greath of strength, whose strength is great), Sekhaensu itef (Who his father has raised to the throne), Userkhaenre Meryamun (Who is made strong through the ka of Re, beloved of Amun). Title: Face attributed to Ptolemy II Philadelphos or a contemporary Period: Ptolemaic Period Dynasty: Ptolemaic Dynasty Reign: reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphos Date: 285–246 B.C. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Ptolemaic Kingdom: Tetradrachm, Ptolemy II Philadelphos, 285-246 BC, Silver at the best online prices at … Ptolemy II Philadelphos, like his father Ptolemy I Soter, the founder of the dynasty, continued the practice of building and decorating temples in traditional Egyptian fashion. He had two half-brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, who both became kings of Macedonia (in 281 BC and 279 BC respectively), and who both died in the Gallic invasion of 280-279 BC. Decadrachm Figure 7: Ptolemy II Philadelphos, In the name of Arsinoë II. While Ptolemy was staying in Lysimachus's court, Arsinoe's intrigues led to the accusation of Lysimachus' first son, Agathocles, of treason and to his execution. The validity of the text is questioned by many scholars but there was indeed a translation of the Pentateuch during the early Ptolemaic Period and the text may also contain the earliest reference to the Great Library of Alexandria. 13.7 g. Diademed head of Ptolemy I right, with aegis / ΠTOΛEMAIOY ΣΩTHΡOΣ, Eagle with folded wings standing left on thunderbolts. Ptolemaic Dynasty. Arsinoe II seems to have adopted her husband’s children by his former wife (Arsinoe I) and there is no evidence that she had any children by Ptolemy. Ptolemy II was the first pharaoh to marry his full sister, but this form of marriage became standard for the remainder of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Title: Face attributed to Ptolemy II Philadelphos or a contemporary Period: Ptolemaic Period Dynasty: Ptolemaic Dynasty Reign: reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphos Date: 285–246 B.C. (69 × 60 × 6 cm).Brooklyn Museum, Charles Edwin Wilbour Fund, 72.127. Diademed and veiled head of the deified Arsinoe II facing right; in left field Λ. Brother of Philotera, I and Arsinoe, II Ptolemy II was the youngest son of Ptolemy I Soter. Ptolemy was first married to Arsinoë I, daughter of Lysimachus, who was the mother of his legitimate children; after her repudiation he married his full sister Arsinoë II, the widow of Lysimachus. According to scholars, most of the animals were in pairs - as many as eight pairs of ostriches - and although the ordinary chariots were likely led by a single elephant, others which carried a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) golden statue may have been led by four.[4]. Unfortunately we do not have a full copy of Manetho’s work, only a list of the kings divided into a series of dynasties and excerpts which appear in the works of Josephus, Africanus, and Eusebius, but its importance cannot be overstated. Although Ptolemy Keraunos was at the zenith of his power, he did not live long afterwards. Like the reign of Ramesses II centuries earlier, the reign of Ptolemy II (Philadelphos or Philadelphus) was the high point of the three hundred-year long Ptolemaic dynasty. He created three distinct courts: the Chrematistai was the royal court and heard cases on an ad hoc basis; the Dikasteria heard cases involving Greek speaking parties; and Laokritai heard cases involving parties who spoke Egyptian and was overseen by Egyptian priests. Arsinoë II, wife of Ptolemy II Philadelphos (died 270 BC). Keraunos sided with his other sister (from the same mother) Lysandra, who was Agathocles' wife, and accompanied her to the court of Seleucus in the East to solicit his aid. He is known by the epithet Philadelphus (“si… In about 285 BC, Ptolemy I Soter took as his co-ruler one of his sons by Berenice, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who became the sole ruler of Egypt upon his father’s death in about 282 BC. 21 [7]. He became joint ruler with his father two years before his death in 283 BC. Ptolemy II Philadelphos came to the throne of Egypt as co-ruler in 285 B.C. Father of Berenice ., Phernophorus, Princess of Egypt; Ptolemy III Euergetes, Pharaoh of Egypt; Lysimachus, Prince of Egypt and Ptolemy Andromachou https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_Keraunos. Pomp and splendor flourished. Coins were struck with date Year 1, beginning in 283 B.C. at the age of 25. Husband of Arsinoe I, Queen of Greece, Queen of Egypt; N.N., daughter of Lysimachus and Arsinoe, II Building activity was concentrated on Alexandria; the lighthouse, one of the seven wonders of the world was finished 278–270 B.C. AR Dekadrachm (35-36 mm, 28.41 g), Alexandria. Jugate busts of Ptolemy II Philadelphos, diademed and draped, and Arsinoe II, diademed and veiled, shield behind Rev : ΘΕΩΝ Jugate busts of Ptolemy I Soter, diademed and wearing aegis, and Berenike I, diademed and veiled Ptolemy II Philadelphus, (Philadelphus in Greek: “Brother-Loving”) (born 308 bce, Cos—died 246), king of Egypt (285–246 bce), second king of the Ptolemaic dynasty, who extended his power by skillful diplomacy, developed agriculture and commerce, and made Alexandria a leading centre of the arts and sciences. Fearful that Macedonian power in the Aegean would prevent the expansion of his own power in the area, Ptolemy encouraged the other Greek states to enter into a coalition against Macedon which ultimately resulted in the Chremonidean War (267 BC – 261 BC). Athens led the other states in declaring war against Macedon but they were defeated and besieged. The Letter of Aristeas (also known as the Letter of Philocrates) tells that Demetrios of Phaleron, a librarian in the Great Library, urged Ptolemy II to obtain a Greek translation of Hebrew laws. He was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, the Macedonian Greek general of Alexander the Great who founded the However, the reign of Ptolemy II is notable for the number of royal declarations which were produced purely in hieroglyphs. Struck under Ptolemy II Philadelphos c. 270-261/0 BC. He had two half-brothers, Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom became kings of Macedonia (in 281 BCE and 279 BCE respectively). Magas of Cyrene opened war on his half-brother (274 BC), and the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter, desiring Coele-Syria with Judea, attacked soon after in the First Syrian War. Ancient Greek coins from the Ptolemaic Kingdom, modern-day Egypt. Elias Joseph Bickermann (Chronology of the Ancient World, 2nd ed. Ptolemy deified his parents and his sister-wife after their deaths. The Ptolemaic empire reached its greatest extent in this reign. The Ptolemaic sphere of power extended over the Cyclades to Samothrace, and the harbours and coast towns of Cilicia Trachea, Pamphylia, Lycia and Caria. Ptolemy II had a joint reign with his sister and wife Arsinoe II, dominated on the military front by several wars in Syria. Roman heritage few exceptions after her repudiation he married his full sister Arsinoë II wife... And promoted royal law above Egyptian and Greek law produced purely in.... Cm ).Brooklyn Museum, 72.127_SL1.jpg ) Object Details Egyptian throne generous sponsor of the founder of the ancient,! Wilbour Fund, 72.127 Great praise on his father two years before his death as January 29: second of... Ptolemy Keraunos and Meleager, both of whom were Macedonian kings wife of Ptolemy II Philadelphos sun-god Re by! Educated by Philitas of Cos ( 2 3/8 in. himself to be Ptolemy! 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